Autoamplification of a two-component regulatory system results in learning behavior

We have tested the hypothesis that the autoamplification of two-component regulatory systems results in learning behavior, i.e., that bacteria respond faster or more extensively to a signal when a similar signal has been perceived in the past. Indeed, the induction of alkaline phosphatase activity upon phosphate limitation was faster if the cultures had been limited for phosphate previously, and this faster response correlated with the autoamplification of the cognate two-component system.