期刊
BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY
卷 67, 期 3, 页码 373-381出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00265-012-1457-6
关键词
Coalition; Chimpanzee; Social network analysis; Cooperation; Paternity; Dominance rank; Social bonds
资金
- Jane Goodall Institute
- National Science Foundation [DBS-9021946, SBR-9319909, BCS-0452315, LTREB-1052693]
- University of Minnesota
- Harris Steel Group
- Windibrow Foundation
- Carnegie Corporation
- Minnesota Base Camp
- Duke University
- National Institutes of Health [R01 AI50529, R01 AI58715, P30 AI 27767]
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems [1052693] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Coalitionary aggression occurs when at least two individuals jointly direct aggression at one or more conspecific targets. Scientists have long argued that this common form of cooperation has positive fitness consequences. Nevertheless, despite evidence that social bond strength (which is thought to promote coalition formation) is correlated with fitness in primates, cetaceans, and ungulates, few studies have directly examined whether coalitionary aggression improves reproductive success. We tested the hypothesis that among free-ranging chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii), participation in coalitionary aggression increases reproductive output. Using 14 years of genetic and behavioral data from Gombe National Park, Tanzania, we found that coalitionary aggression increased a male's chances of (A) siring offspring, compared to other males of similar dominance rank, and (B) ascending in rank, a correlate of future reproductive output. Because male chimpanzees form coalitions with many others within a complex network, we used social network analysis to identify the types of connections correlated with these fitness benefits. The beneficiaries of coalitionary aggression were males with the highest betweennessaEurothat is, those who tended to have coalition partners who themselves did not form coalitions with each other. This suggests that beyond simply recognizing third-party relationships, chimpanzees may use this knowledge to choose coalition partners. If so, this is a significant step forward in our knowledge of the adaptive value of social intelligence. Regardless of mechanism, however, this is the first evidence of genetic benefits of coalitionary aggression in this species, and therefore has important implications for understanding the evolution of cooperation.
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