4.5 Article

Bat predation and the evolution of leks in acoustic moths

期刊

BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY
卷 65, 期 11, 页码 2105-2116

出版社

SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00265-011-1219-x

关键词

Acoustic communication; Mate choice; Sexual selection; Signal evolution; Ultrasonic signals

资金

  1. Agence Nationale de la Recherche de France [ANR-07-BLAN-0113-01]
  2. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
  3. Universite Francois Rabelais de Tours
  4. Max Planck Society
  5. Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-07-BLAN-0113] Funding Source: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)

向作者/读者索取更多资源

Theories of lek evolution generally invoke enhanced mating success experienced by males signalling in aggregations. Reduced predation has also been acknowledged as a potential factor driving lek formation, but its role is more ambiguous. Although lekking is a complex behaviour, few empirical studies have investigated the role of both claims. We studied the potential pressures imposed by mating success and predation in an acoustic moth, Achroia grisella, in which males gather in leks and broadcast a calling song attractive to females. We exploited the ability to manipulate the distribution of singing males in laboratory arenas to create different-sized leks and tested female preferences for these aggregations. Because A. grisella are vulnerable to predation by bats while in flight and on the substrate, we also tested the responses of a potential predator, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, a bat species that feeds on moths, to the experimental leks. We found that the per capita attractiveness of A. grisella males to females rose with increasing lek size. R. ferrumequinum also oriented toward experimental A. grisella leks, but this attraction did not increase at larger leks. Thus, a male's per capita exposure to predation risk declined as more moths joined the lek. A. grisella males appear to benefit from advertising in larger leks in terms of both increased mate attraction and reduced predation risk. Our results support the idea that multiple factors operating simultaneously may maintain lekking behaviour.

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