期刊
BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY
卷 63, 期 2, 页码 235-240出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00265-008-0654-9
关键词
Behavioral response; Burst-swimming behavior; Chemical cues; Low activity; Tadpole
资金
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature
- Venture Laboratory of the Kyoto Institute of Technology
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science for young scientists [07071]
When predator chemical cues are present, low activity of prey is a commonly seen defensive behavior. However, few studies have explored the functional implications of the defensive behaviors and, thus, elucidated the possible linkages between behavioral responses and its consequences. In this study, we experimentally investigated how behavioral responses of Hyla japonica tadpoles to predator chemical cues affect vulnerability to a dragonfly nymph Anax parthenope julius. The frequency of tadpoles attacked by dragonfly nymphs was lower with chemical cues of predator was present than without chemical cues, and most of attacks occurred when tadpoles were mobile. When tadpoles were exposed to chemical cues, on the other hand, their swimming speed was quicker and swimming distance was longer, respectively, and the rates of being approached of the swimming tadpoles by dragonfly nymph was lower than those not exposed to chemical cues. We found that the tadpoles are induced by predator chemical cues not only to generally lower activity but also to swim in bursts as additional behavior and that the suite of their behavioral responses reduce the vulnerability against dragonfly nymph. Tadpoles can receive information about the predation risks by chemical cues and adjust their defensive behavior accordingly.
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