期刊
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
卷 58, 期 11, 页码 1674-1687出版社
SPRINGER BASEL AG
DOI: 10.1007/PL00000805
关键词
phospholipase D; ADP ribosylation factor; Rho protein; phosphatidic acid; phosphatidylinositol(4,5)bisphosphate
Phospholipase D (PLD) catalyses the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine to generate the lipid second messenger, phosphatidate (PA) and choline. PLD activity in mammalian cells is low and is transiently stimulated upon activation by G-protein-coupled and receptor tyrosine kinase cell surface receptors. Two mammalian PLD enzymes (PLD1 and PLD2) have been cloned and their intracellular regulators identified as ARF and Rho proteins, protein kinase Ca as well as the lipid, phosphatidylinositol [4, 5] bisphosphate (PIP,). I discuss the regulation of these enzymes by cell surface receptors, their cellular localisation and the potential function of PA as a second messenger. Evidence is presented for a role of PA in regulating the lipid kinase activity of PIP 5-kinase, an enzyme that synthesises PIP,. A signalling role of phospholipase D via PA and indirectly via PIP, in regulating membrane traffic and actin dynamics is indicated by the available data.
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