期刊
JOURNAL OF MAMMARY GLAND BIOLOGY AND NEOPLASIA
卷 6, 期 4, 页码 407-417出版社
KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL
DOI: 10.1023/A:1014782813943
关键词
estrogen; estrogen receptor; invasive breast cancer; metastasis
资金
- NCI NIH HHS [CA30195, CA72038] Funding Source: Medline
It has long been appreciated that the estrogen receptor (ER) plays an important role in the biology of breast cancer. It is an accepted factor predicting favorable disease outcome and treatment response, and as such is generally considered to represent a good prognostic marker in breast cancer. In this review we present data suggesting that the ER may also play a pivotal role in the metastatic behavior of breast cancer. and present an argument that the up-regulation of ER and/or the selection of specific ER mutations are early events important for facilitating tumor progression. Thus, ER could serve dual roles in breast cancer, acting as a bad prognostic marker later in the disease process.
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