期刊
BEHAVIOR GENETICS
卷 38, 期 3, 页码 234-246出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10519-008-9197-0
关键词
smoking; twins; schools; gene-environment interaction
资金
- NICHD NIH HHS [K01 HD050336-01, K01 HD050336, R21 HD 51146, R24 HD050924, P01 HD031921, R21 HD051146-01, P01 HD031921-12, R13 HD078100, K01 HD 50336, R21 HD051146, P01-HD31921] Funding Source: Medline
This paper uses data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health to examine the extent to which school-level social and institutional factors moderate genetic tendencies to smoke cigarettes. Our analysis relies on a sub-sample of 1,198 sibling and twin pairs nested within 84 schools. We develop a multilevel modeling extension of regression-based quantitative genetic techniques to calculate school-specific heritability estimates. We show that smoking onset (h(2) = .51) and daily smoking (h(2) = .58) are both genetically influenced. Whereas the genetic influence on smoking onset is consistent across schools, we show that schools moderate the heritability of daily smoking. The heritability of daily smoking is the highest within schools in which the most popular students are also smokers and reduced within schools in which the majority of the students are non-Hispanic and white. These findings make important contributions to the literature on gene-environment interactions.
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