Relationship of periodontal disease to carotid artery intima-media wall thickness - The atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study

this study was to determine whether periodontitis is associated with carotid artery intima-media wall thickness (IMT). Cross-sectional data on 6017 persons aged 52 to 75 years were obtained from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study 1996 to 1998 examination., The dependent variable was carotid IMT greater than or equal to 1 mm. Periodontitis was defined by extent of attachment loss greater than or equal to3 mm: none/mild (< 10%), moderate (10% to < 30%), or severe (greater than or equal to 30%). Covariates included age; sex, diabetes, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, hypertension, smoking, waist-hip ratio; education, and race/study center. Odds of IMT greater than or equal to1 mm were higher for severe periodontitis (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.73 to 2.53) and moderate periodontitis (OR 1.40, CI 1.17 to 1.67) compared with no periodontitis. In a multivariable logistic regression model, severe periodontitis (OR 1.31, CI 1.03 to 1.66) was associated with IMT greater than or equal to1 mm, while adjusting for the other factors in the model. These results provide the first indication that periodontitis may play a role in the pathogenesis of atheroma formation, as well as in cardiovascular events.