期刊
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
卷 92, 期 2-3, 页码 135-145出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/S0163-7258(01)00164-4
关键词
apoptosis; necrosis; immune tolerances; dendritic cells
资金
- NCI NIH HHS [CA76492] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAID NIH HHS [AI43384] Funding Source: Medline
Apoptosis plays an essential role in maintaining cellular homeostasis during development, differentiation, and pathophysiological processes. In the immune system, recent investigations reveal that during the course of T-cell development in the thymus, negative selection of autoreactive immature T-cells is a typical apoptotic process. In addition, apoptosis is also involved in cytotoxic killing of target cells and the regulation of lymphocyte homeostasis during immune responses. Interestingly, recent evidence has suggested that cells dying by apoptosis are actively involved in immunosuppression in various circumstances, We have shown that apoptotic cells could inhibit the expression of CD69 during T-cell activation. Furthermore, apoptotic cells phagocytosed by macrophages and/or dendritic cells are immunosuppressive, a process likely mediated by the production of transforming growth factor-beta1. Since apoptosis is a common mechanism by which excessive cells in many tissues and organs are eliminated in various pathophysiological processes, we believe that further investigation into the mechanisms by which apoptotic cells affect the immune system will not only lead to a better understanding of the significance of apoptosis during immune responses, but will also provide novel strategies for the management of autoimmune diseases and transplantation, (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.
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