Detection limit calculations for the total reflection techniques of X-ray fluorescence analysis

In this work, theoretical calculations of detection limits for different total reflection techniques of X-ray fluorescence analysis are presented. Calculations include grazing incidence (TXRF) and gracing emission (GEXRF) conditions. These calculations are compared with detection limits calculated for conventional X-ray fluorescence (XRF). In order to compute detection limits, Shiraiwa and Fujino's model was used to calculate X-ray fluorescence intensities. This model makes certain assumptions and approximations to achieve the calculations, especially in the case of the geometrical conditions of the sample, and the incident and takeoff beams. Nevertheless, the calculated data of detection limits for conventional XRF and total-reflection XRF show a good agreement with previous results. The model proposed here allows us to analyze the different sources of background and the influence of the excitation geometry, which contribute to a better understanding of the physical processes involved in the XRF analysis by total reflection. Finally, a comparison between detection limits in total-reflection analysis at grazing incidence and at grazing emission is carried out. Here, a good agreement with the theoretical predictions of the Reciprocity Theorem is found, showing that, in theory, detection limits are similar for both techniques. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.