Biomechanical effects of wearing high-heeled shoes

A survey of 200 young women wearing high-heeled shoes indicated frequent complaints of leg and low back pain. Consequently, an empirical study examined the biomechanical effects of three heel heights (0, 4.5, and 8cm), while standing stationary and while walking in five, healthy, young women. Four major biomechanical effects were observed. As heel heights increased, the trunk flexion angle decreased significantly. Similarly, tibialis anterior EMG, low back EMG and the vertical movement of the body center of mass increased significantly while walking with high-heeled shoes. Due to these added stresses, wearing of high heels should be avoided. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.