The birthday of a new syndrome: IgG4-related diseases constitute a clinical entity

IgG4-related disease is a distinct clinical entity, whose characteristic features are the following; Serum IgG4 is prominently elevated. IgG4-positive plasma cells infiltrate in involved tissues, various mass-forming lesions with fibrosis develop in a timely and spatial manner and the response to corticosteroids is prompt and good IgG4-related diseases mainly target two organs One is the pancreas (autoimmune pancreatitis; AIP), and the other comprises the lacrimal and salivary glands, the clinical phenotype is Mikulicz's disease (MD) MD has long been considered a manifestation of Sjogren's syndrome (SS) However, we noticed several clinical differences in case of MD from SS; no deflection of female sex differences, mild sicca syndrome, good response to corticosteroids, no positivity of anti-SS-A/SS-B antibodies. In addition, elevated level of serum IgG4 and abundant infiltration of plasma cells expressing IgG4 were reported in MD patients Those are common features of IgG4-related diseases MD often coexisted with IgG4-related diseases such as AIP, retroperitoneal fibrosis, and IgG4-associated nephropathy Based on those findings, It has been considered to recognize IgG4-related diseases including MD as a new clinical entity The etiology of IgG4-related systemic diseases remains to be elucidated It is necessary to accumulate and analyze larger data from patients worldwide (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier B.V.