Clinical features and predictive factors in psoriatic arthritis-related uveitis

Objectives: To analyze the clinical features of uveitis in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and to investigate the factors predicting its appearance. Patients and Methods: Retrospective cohort study (1991-2000) of 71 patients diagnosed with PsA according to the criteria of Moll and Wright. All patients were studied according to a standard protocol. The group was divided into 3 articular categories: axial, oligoarticular, and polyarticular. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-Cw typing was performed by the polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific oligonucleotide probes (PCR-SSOP) method in 65 patients and in 177 healthy donors. HLA-DR typing was done by serologic methods in the 71 patients and in 82 healthy donors from the same racial and geographic origin. The HLA-B27 allele also was tested among the study population. All subjects with possible inflammatory ocular disease received a complete ophthalmologic examination at the Ophthalmology Department of our hospital. Only patients with uveitis were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were applied. Results: Thirteen patients had uveitis (18% of this series), 4 (31%) had an insidious onset, and the remaining had acute-onset uveitis. Five cases (39%) had bilateral-simultaneous uveitis. Ten (77%) presented with anterior uveitis only, 2 with anterior and posterior pole involvement, and only I case with isolated posterior pole involvement. Four patients needed oral corticosteroids; 2 of them also used immunosuppresive drugs. None of our patients developed sequelae or complications. In univariate analysis, uveitis was associated with inflammatory back pain (P = .02), sacroiliac pain (P = .001), syndesmophytes (P = .001), bilateral sacroileitis (P = .0001), HLA-DR13 (P = .002), and HLA-B27 (P = .026). In multivariate analysis, the predictive factors for uveitis were bilateral sacroileitis (OR 17, 95% Cl: 3.7-76, P = .0002), HLA-DR13 (OR 24, 95% Cl: 3.78-150, P = .0056), and syndesmophytes (OR 9.7, 95% Cl: 0.97-97, P = .05). Conclusions: Insidious onset, bilaterality, posterior pole involvement, and chronicity are common in PsA patients with uveitis. In this study, extensive axial involvement (bilateral sacroileitis and syndesmophytes), and the HLA-DR13 antigen were the best predictors for the appearance of uveitis. Copyright 2002, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.