Efficient ruthenium-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of alcohols using a biomimetic coupled catalytic system

Efficient aerobic oxidation of alcohols was developed via a biomimetic catalytic system. The principle for this aerobic oxidation is reminiscent of biological oxidation of alcohols via the respiratory chain and involves selective electron/proton transfer. A substrate-selective catalyst (ruthenium complex 1) dehydrogenates the alcohol, and the hydrogens abstracted are transferred to an electron-rich quinone (4b). The hydroquinone thus formed is continuously reoxidized by air with the aid of an oxygen-activating Co-salen type complex (6). Most alcohols are oxidized to ketones in high yield and selectivity within 1-2 h, and the catalytic system tolerates a wide range of O-2 concentrations without being deactivated. Compared to other ruthenium-catalyzed aerobic oxidations this new catalytic system has high turnover frequency (TOF).