Waist-to-hip ratio and dietary factors in adults

Objectives To assess the association between diet factors and abdominal fat accumulation. Methods A household survey carried out in the city of Rio de Janeiro during 1995-1996. The usual diet of a sample of 2,441 individuals (42.8% men and 57.2% women), aged 20 to 60 years, was investigated using a food frequency questionnaire and data about height, weight, waist and hip perimeter was collected. The cut-off points for inadequate waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) for men and women were 0.95 and 0.80, respectively. Results Inadequate WHR was positively associated with age, cigarette smoking, body mass index, and inversely associated with education level, income and leisure physical activity in both men and women (p <0.05). Inadequate WHR was not associated with lipids, carbohydrates and total fiber intake. Positive association was found with inadequate WHR and spirits consumption among menopause women (p<0.001), and the consumption of four or more glasses of beer per day in men (p<0.001). Conclusion In agreement with other studies, alcohol intake was associated with abdominal fat accumulation.