期刊
DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
卷 38, 期 3, 页码 352-362出版社
AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC
DOI: 10.1037/0012-1649.38.3.352
关键词
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资金
- NICHD NIH HHS [R01 HD35453] Funding Source: Medline
- NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH41842] Funding Source: Medline
The day-night task requires saving to a picture of the sun and day to a picture of the moon, In this investigation of why young children fail at this task, systematic variations of the task Acre administered to 96 children. half 4 years old and half 4 1/2 years old. Training children on the strategy of chunking the 2 rules into I say the opposite), thus reducing memory load, did not help their performance. What helped was reducing the inhibitory demand by instructing them to say dog and pig (not night and day) even though memory of 2 rules and inhibiting saying whit the pictures represented were still required. Here the response to be activated and the response to be inhibited Acre unrelated. When the correct response was semantically related to, and the direct opposite of, the to-be-inhibited response. children performed poorly. Inserting a delay between stimulus and response helped even though that delay was filled with distraction. Young children apparently need several seconds to compute the answer on this task. Often they do not take the needed time; when forced to do so. they do well.
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