期刊
MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY
卷 16, 期 2, 页码 218-222出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2915.2002.00365.x
关键词
Culex pipiens; Cx. quinuefasciatus; ATP-binding; calcium channel blocker; cell culture; chlorpyrifos; cypermethrin; DDT; endosulfan; insecticides; ivermectin; mosquitoes; organophosphate; p-glycoprotein; pyrethroid; resistance; rhodamine; vector control; verapamil; vinblastine
Pesticide resistance has parallels with multi-drug resistance syndrome of tumours in clinical medicine, which has been linked to an ATP-dependent pump, p-glycoprotein (P-gp). P-gps pump drugs out of the cell, thereby reducing cellular concentrations of the chemical. P-gps have been found in several invertebrate species and have been shown to provide a defence against environmental xenobiotics, including pesticides. This study used a model cell culture system to investigate the interaction of pesticides with P-gp. Invermectin and endosulfan were shown to be strong inhibitors of dye transport out of cells, which is a standard measure of P-gp modulation. We then investigated the action of P-gp inhibitor, verapamil (calcium channel blocker), on insecticide toxicity to fourth-instar mosquito larvae of the Culex pipiens L. complex (Diptera: Culicidae). Verapamil increased toxicity to examples of three insecticide classes (cypermethrin, endosulfan, invermectin), but not to chloropyrifos (organophosphate). The discovery of a novel protective mechanism in mosquitoes, with a wide substrate range, has implications for the control of important pest and vector species.
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