期刊
CURRENT OPINION IN IMMUNOLOGY
卷 14, 期 3, 页码 391-396出版社
CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/S0952-7915(02)00341-2
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The past year has seen significant advances in our understanding of critical roles of negative immunoregulatory signals delivered through the B7-CD28 superfamily in regulating T cell activation and tolerance. Structural data on CTLA-4 have provided novel insights into the inhibitory functions of CTLA-4. Initial characterization of the PD-1-PD-1-ligand pathway has revealed that this pathway can clownregulate TCR- and CD28-mediated signals. Recent studies indicate that ICOS exerts distinct effects at different phases of an immune response: ICOS can inhibit as well as stimulate T cell responses.
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