A novel regulatory element determines the timing of Mos mRNA translation during Xenopus oocyte maturation

Progression through vertebrate oocyte maturation requires that pre-existing, maternally derived mRNAs be translated in a strict temporal order. The mechanism that controls the timing of oocyte mRNA translation is unknown. In this study we show that the early translational induction of the mRNA encoding the Mos proto-oncogene is mediated through a novel regulatory element within the 3' untranslated region of the Mos mRNA. This novel element is responsive to the MAP kinase signaling pathway and is distinct from the late acting, cdc2-responsive, cytoplasmic polyadenylation element. Our findings suggest that the timing of maternal mRNA translation is controlled through signal transduction pathways targeting distinct 3' UTR mRNA elements.