期刊
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
卷 774, 期 2, 页码 -出版社
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/2041-8205/774/2/L19
关键词
planets and satellites: fundamental parameters; stars: fundamental parameters; stars: individual (HAT-P-7); stars: oscillations (including pulsations)
资金
- NASAs Science Mission Directorate
- The Danish National Research Foundation [DNRF106]
- ASTERISK project (ASTERoseismic Investigations with SONG and Kepler)
- European Research Council [267864]
- European Research Council (ERC) [267864] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
With years of Kepler data currently available, the measurement of variations in planetary transit depths over time can now be attempted. To do so, it is of primary importance to understand which systematic effects may affect the measurement of transits. We aim to measure the stability of Kepler measurements over years of observations. We present a study of the depth of about 500 transit events of the Hot Jupiter HAT-P-7b, using 14 quarters (Q0-Q13) of data from the Kepler satellite. We find a systematic variation in the depth of the primary transit, related to quarters of data and recurring yearly. These seasonal variations are about 1%. Within seasons, we find no evidence for trends. We speculate that the cause of the seasonal variations could be unknown field crowding or instrumental artifacts. Our results show that care must be taken when combining transits throughout different quarters of Kepler data. Measuring the relative planetary radius of HAT-P-7b without taking these systematic effects into account leads to unrealistically low error estimates. This effect could be present in all Kepler targets. If so, relative radius measurements of all Hot Jupiters to a precision much better than 1% are unrealistic.
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