期刊
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
卷 744, 期 2, 页码 -出版社
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/2041-8205/744/2/L17
关键词
supernovae: individual (2011fe, white dwarfs); supernovae: general
资金
- NSF/CDI [0941742]
- NSF/AST [100991]
- US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-06ER06-04]
- Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/J001597/1, PP/D000963/1, ST/G002533/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Astronomical Sciences [1109896] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Office Of The Director
- Office of Integrative Activities [0941742] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- STFC [ST/J001597/1, PP/D000963/1, ST/G002533/1] Funding Source: UKRI
While a white dwarf (WD) is, from a theoretical perspective, the most plausible primary star of a Type Ia supernova (SN Ia), many other candidates have not been formally ruled out. Shock energy deposited in the envelope of any exploding primary contributes to the early SN brightness and, since this radiation energy is degraded by expansion after the explosion, the diffusive luminosity depends on the initial primary radius. We present a new non-detection limit of the nearby SN Ia 2011fe, obtained at a time that appears to be just 4 hr after explosion, allowing us to directly constrain the initial primary radius (R-p). Coupled with the non-detection of a quiescent X-ray counterpart and the inferred synthesized Ni-56 mass, we show that R-p less than or similar to 0.02 R-circle dot (a factor of five smaller than previously inferred), that the average density of the primary must rho(p) > 10(4) g cm(-3), and that the effective temperature must be less than a few x 10(5) K. This rules out hydrogen-burning main-sequence stars and giants. Constructing the helium-burning and carbon-burning main sequences, we find that such objects are also excluded. By process of elimination, we find that only degeneracy-supported compact objects-WDs and neutron stars-are viable as the primary star of SN 2011fe. With few caveats, we also restrict the companion (secondary) star radius to R-c less than or similar to 0.1 R-circle dot, excluding Roche-lobe overflowing red giant and main-sequence companions to high significance.
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