期刊
JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT
卷 23, 期 2, 页码 93-105出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/S0740-5472(02)00259-3
关键词
heroin addiction; methadone maintenance treatments; HIV infection; drug-drug interactions; LAAM (levomethadyl acetate); buprenorphine; office-based pharmacotherapy
资金
- NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR00102] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDA NIH HHS [DA K05-00049, DA P50-05130, DA R01-12848] Funding Source: Medline
Opiate addiction is a chronic, relapsing disorder. Left untreated, high morbidity and mortality rates are seen. Pharmacotherapies for this disorder using mu opiate agonists (methadone and levomethadyl acetate) and partial agonists have been developed in the last 40 years. Agonist pharmacotherapy with oral methadone for the treatment of opiate dependence was developed in clinical pharmacology studies at Rockefeller University by Dole, Nyswander, and Kreek. Further studies by this laboratory and others established that moderate to high dose treatment with methadone (80-120 mg) reduced or eliminated opiate use in outpatient settings with consequent reductions in morbidity and up to 4-fold reductions in mortality. Levomethadyl acetate (LAAM), a congener of methadone, is biotransformed to active metabolites responsible for its longer duration of action. The Federal Regulations regarding the dispensation of methadone and LAAM have recently been revised to facilitate the treatment of patients under a medical maintenance model, Future regulatory reform will likely involve the establishment of rules for office based opioid treatment. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.
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