期刊
TOXICON
卷 40, 期 9, 页码 1321-1330出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/S0041-0101(02)00143-5
关键词
Dinophysis acuta; Protoceratium reticulatum; pectenotoxins; yessotoxins; okadaic acid group toxins; Perna canaliculus; liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
Toxin profiles were determined in phytoplankton cell concentrates and Greenshell Mussels (Perna canaliculus) exposed to a dinoflagellate bloom dominated by Dinophysis acuta and Protoceratium reticulatum, This was achieved by using a method for the simultaneous identification and quantification of a variety of micro-algal toxins by liquid chromatography -tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with electrospray ionisation (+/-) and monitoring of daughter ions in multiple reaction modes. Plankton concentrates and shellfish contained high levels of yessotoxins (YTXs) and pectenotoxins (PTXs) and low levels of okadaic acid (OA). A high proportion (> 87%) of the OA in both plankton and shellfish was released by alkaline hydrolysis. An isomer of pectenotoxin 1 (PTX1i) was nearly as abundant as pectenotoxin 2 (PTX2) in the plankton and shellfish, and the latter contained high levels of their respective seco acids. DTX1 DTX2, and PTX6 were not detected. MS-MS experiments revealed that the shellfish contained several other oxygenated metabolites of YTX in addition to 45-hydroxy yessotoxin (45OH-YTX). Gymnodimine (GYM) was present in the shellfish but not plankton and it was probably the residue from a previous GYM contamination event. Unlike the other toxins, GYM was concentrated in tissues outside the digestive gland and levels did not decrease over 5 months. The depuration rates of YTX and PTXs from mussels were modelled. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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