期刊
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
卷 758, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/758/1/31
关键词
accretion, accretion disks; brown dwarfs; protoplanetary disks; stars: formation; stars: low-mass; stars: pre-main sequence
资金
- National Science Foundation [AST-0544588, AST-1008908]
- NASA Astrophysics Data Analysis Program [NNX12AI58G]
- NASA
- NSF
- Pennsylvania State University
- Eberly College of Science
- Pennsylvania Space Grant Consortium
- Division Of Astronomical Sciences
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1008908] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
We present photometry at 3-24 mu m for all known members of the Upper Scorpius association (tau similar to 11 Myr) based on all images of these objects obtained with the Spitzer Space Telescope and the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. We have used these data to identify the members that exhibit excess emission from circumstellar disks and estimate the evolutionary stages of these disks. Through this analysis, we have found similar to 50 new candidates for transitional, evolved, and debris disks. The fraction of members harboring inner primordial disks is less than or similar to 10% for B-G stars (M > 1.2 M-circle dot) and increases with later types to a value of similar to 25% at greater than or similar to M5 (M less than or similar to 0.2 M-circle dot), in agreement with the results of previous disk surveys of smaller samples of Upper Sco members. These data indicate that the lifetimes of disks are longer at lower stellar masses and that a significant fraction of disks of low-mass stars survive for at least similar to 10 Myr. Finally, we demonstrate that the distribution of excess sizes in Upper Sco and the much younger Taurus star-forming region (tau similar to 1 Myr) is consistent with the same, brief timescale for clearing of inner disks.
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