期刊
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
卷 745, 期 2, 页码 -出版社
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/745/2/130
关键词
galaxies: clusters: individual (RX J0849+4452, RX J0848+4453); galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; galaxies: fundamental parameters; galaxies: high-redshift
资金
- NASA [NAS 5-32865, NAS5-26555]
- NASA HST [GO-10574.01-A]
- Spitzer grant for program [20694]
- W. M. Keck Foundation
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [23740144] Funding Source: KAKEN
We present the Kormendy and mass-size relations (MSR) for early-type galaxies (ETGs) as a function of environment at z similar to 1.3. Our sample includes 76 visually classified ETGs with masses 10(10) < M/M-circle dot < 10(11.5), selected in the Lynx supercluster and in the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey/Chandra Deep Field South field; 31 ETGs in clusters, 18 in groups, and 27 in the field, all with multi-wavelength photometry and Hubble Space Telescope/Advanced Camera for Surveys observations. The Kormendy relation, in place at z similar to 1.3, does not depend on the environment. The MSR reveals that ETGs overall appear to be more compact in denser environments: cluster ETGs have sizes on average around 30%-50% smaller than those of the local universe and a distribution with a smaller scatter, whereas field ETGs show an MSR with a similar distribution to the local one. Our results imply that (1) the MSR in the field did not evolve overall from z similar to 1.3 to present; this is interesting and in contrast to the trend found at higher masses from previous works; (2) in denser environments, either ETGs have increased in size by 30%-50% on average and spread their distributions, or more ETGs have been formed within the dense environment from non-ETG progenitors, or larger galaxies have been accreted to a pristine compact population to reproduce the MSR observed in the local universe. Our results are driven by galaxies with masses M less than or similar to 2 x 10(11) M-circle dot and those with masses M similar to 10(11) M-circle dot follow the same trends as that of the entire sample. Following the Valentinuzzi et al. definition of superdense ETGs, similar to 35%-45% of our cluster sample is made up of superdense ETGs.
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