期刊
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
卷 719, 期 2, 页码 1767-1774出版社
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/719/2/1767
关键词
radiative transfer; stars: early-type; stars: mass-loss; stars: winds, outflows
资金
- NASA
- Swarthmore College [AR7-8002X, GO0-11002B]
- STScI [HST-AR-10693.02]
- SAO [TM6-7003X, GO0-11002A]
We present a method for computing the net transmission of X-rays emitted by shock-heated plasma distributed throughout a partially optically thick stellar wind from a massive star. We find the transmission by an exact integration of the formal solution, assuming that the emitting plasma and absorbing plasma are mixed at a constant mass ratio above some minimum radius, below which there is assumed to be no emission. This model is more realistic than either the slab absorption associated with a corona at the base of the wind or the exospheric approximation that assumes that all observed X-rays are emitted without attenuation from above the radius of optical depth unity. Our model is implemented in XSPEC as a pre-calculated table that can be coupled to a user-defined table of the wavelength-dependent wind opacity. We provide a default wind opacity model that is more representative of real wind opacities than the commonly used neutral interstellar medium (ISM) tabulation. Preliminary modeling of Chandra grating data indicates that the X-ray hardness trend of OB stars with spectral subtype can largely be understood as a wind absorption effect.
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