NONTHERMAL HIGH-ENERGY EMISSIONS FROM BLACK HOLES BY A RELATIVISTIC CAPILLARY EFFECT

Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays and gamma-ray bursts point toward clean sites for particle acceleration around Kerr black holes. Exposed to a poloidal magnetic field, a Kerr black hole can support an open magnetic flux tube by its equilibrium magnetic moment, within a funnel created by baryon-rich disk winds. We here describe a relativistic capillary effect induced by gravitational spin-orbit interactions. It extracts a leptonic outflow from regions where pair creation is effective, and terminates in an ultrarelativistic Alfven wave. The Alfven wave communicates the Fermi level of the event horizon out to large distances upstream, to power a linear accelerator where pair creation is ineffective. Here, baryons picked up from a UV-ionized ambient environment are accelerated to GZK energies. For GRBs from rotating stellar-mass black holes, it defines a novel spectral energy correlation EpT901/2 proportional to E-gamma in HETE 2 and Swift data.