期刊
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
卷 151, 期 2, 页码 F1-F5出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-246X.2002.01830.x
关键词
90 degrees-flips; earthquakes; fault planes; high pressures; shear-wave splitting
Polarisations of seismic shear-wave splitting observed above small earthquakes in Iceland are typically approximately NE to SW, parallel to the direction of maximum horizontal stress. In contrast, the polarisations of shear-waves at three new stations sited over the Husavik-Flatey Fault, a major seismically-active transform fault in northern Iceland, are approximately NW to SE, orthogonal to the stress-aligned polarisations elsewhere. Modelling suggests that these 90degrees-flips in polarisations are caused by propagation through cracks containing fluids at high pore-fluid pressures within one or two MPa of the critical stress. These observations suggest that high pore-fluid pressures, which play a key role in earthquake source mechanisms, can be monitored by analysing shear-wave splitting above seismically-active fault planes.
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