期刊
NEW PHYTOLOGIST
卷 156, 期 3, 页码 527-535出版社
BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2002.00535.x
关键词
niche differentiation; spatial partitioning; ectomycorrhizal hyphae; diversity; fungal communities; soil DNA extraction; terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP)
Niche differentiation for different soil substrates has been proposed as a mechanism contributing to ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity. This hypothesis has been largely untestable because of a lack of techniques to study the in situ distribution of ectomycorrhizal hyphae. We developed a technique involving soil DNA extraction, PCR and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis for species identification to investigate the vertical distribution of fungal hyphae in four distinct layers of the forest floor (lower litter, F-layer, H-layer, and B-horizon) of a Pinus resinosa plantation. Fungal communities differed markedly among the four layers. Cluster analysis suggested six different patterns of resource utilization: litter-layer specialists, litter-layer generalists, F-layer, H-layer, and B-horizon species, and multilayer generalists. Known ectomycorrhizal species were found in all six clusters. This spatial partitioning observed among ectomycorrhizal fungi along a single, relatively simple substrate-resource gradient supports the niche differentiation hypothesis as an important mechanism contributing to ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity.
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