期刊
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
卷 284, 期 3, 页码 G349-G356出版社
AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00417.2002
关键词
liver orphan receptor; farnesoid X receptor; cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase cytochrome P-450; cholesterol homeostasis; gene regulation
资金
- NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK044442, DK 44442, DK 58379, R01 DK058379] Funding Source: Medline
- NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 31584] Funding Source: Medline
Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Recent studies reveal that bile acids also are signaling molecules that activate several nuclear receptors and regulate many physiological pathways and processes to maintain bile acid and cholesterol homeostasis. Mutations of the principal regulatory genes in bile acid biosynthetic pathways have recently been identified in human patients with hepatobiliary and cardiovascular diseases. Genetic manipulation of key regulatory genes and bile acid receptor genes in mice have been obtained. These advances have greatly improved our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying complex liver physiology but also raise many questions and controversies to be resolved. These developments will lead to early diagnosis and discovery of drugs for treatment of liver and cardiovascular diseases.
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