期刊
JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
卷 32, 期 3, 页码 318-327出版社
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/00126334-200303010-00012
关键词
HIV; HIV testing barriers; HIV counseling preferences; HIV testing preferences; HIV prevention
资金
- NIAID NIH HHS [AI27757] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDA NIH HHS [KO8 DA00472-01] Funding Source: Medline
- ODCDC CDC HHS [R18/CCR015258-01] Funding Source: Medline
Objective: To determine strategies to overcome barriers to HIV testing among persons at risk. Methods: We developed a survey that elicited testing motivators, barriers, and preferences for new strategies among 460 participants at a needle exchange, three sex venues for riten who have sex with men, and a sexually transmitted disease clinic. Results: Barriers to testing included factors influenced by individual concern (fear and discrimination); by programs, policies, and laws (named reporting and inability to afford treatment); and by counseling and testing strategies (dislike of counseling. anxiety waiting for results, and venipuncture). The largest proportions of participants preferred rapid testing strategies, including clinic-based testing (27%) and home self-testing (20%); roughly equal proportions preferred oral fluid testing (18%), urine testing (17%), and standard blood testing (17%). One percent preferred home specimen collection. Participants who had never tested before were significantly more likely to prefer home self-testing compared with other strategies. Blacks were significantly more likely to prefer urine testing. Conclusions: Strategies for improving acceptance of HIV counseling and testing include information about access to anonymous testing and early treatment. Expanding options for rapid testing, urine testing, and home self-testing; providing alternatives to venipuncture; making pretest counseling, optional; and allowing telephone results disclosure may encourage more persons to learn their HIV status.
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