期刊
ASIAN JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY
卷 15, 期 3, 页码 333-339出版社
WOLTERS KLUWER MEDKNOW PUBLICATIONS
DOI: 10.1038/aja.2013.6
关键词
biomarkers; diagnosis; prostate cancer (PCa); urinary biomarkers; urine
Although the routine use of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing has undoubtedly increased prostate cancer (PCa) detection, one of its main drawbacks is its lack of specificity. As a consequence, many men undergo unnecessary biopsies or treatments for indolent tumours. PCa-specific markers are needed for the early detection of the disease and the prediction of aggressiveness of a prostate tumour. Since PCa is a heterogeneous disease, a panel of tumour markers is fundamental for a more precise diagnosis. Several biomarkers are promising due to their specificity for the disease in tissue. However, tissue is unsuitable as a possible screening tool. Since urine can be easily obtained in a non-invasive manner, it is a promising substrate for biomarker testing. This article reviews the biomarkers for the non-invasive testing of PCa in urine.
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