期刊
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
卷 30, 期 8, 页码 1513-1518出版社
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.109.191197
关键词
ATP-binding cassette transporter; atherosclerosis; lipoproteins; macrophages
资金
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Funding Source: Medline
- NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL066088, R01 HL066088-10] Funding Source: Medline
First discovered as orphan receptors, liver X receptors (LXRs) were subsequently identified as the nuclear receptor target of the cholesterol metabolites, oxysterols. There are 2 LXR receptors encoded by distinct genes: LXR alpha is most highly expressed in the liver, adipose, kidney, adrenal tissues, and macrophages and LXR alpha is ubiquitously expressed. Despite differential tissue distribution, these isoforms have 78% homology in their ligand-binding domain and appear to respond to the same endogenous ligands. Work over the past 10 years has shown that the LXR pathway regulates lipid metabolism and inflammation via both the induction and repression of target genes. Given the importance of cholesterol regulation and inflammation in the development of cardiovascular disease, it is not surprising that activation of the LXR pathway attenuates various mechanisms underlying atherosclerotic plaque development. In this brief review, we will discuss the impact of the LXR pathway on both cholesterol metabolism and atherosclerosis. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2010;30:1513-1518.)
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