期刊
JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
卷 67, 期 3, 页码 467-476出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.2307/3802704
关键词
Cervus elaphus; demographics; elk; irruptive oscillation; Kentucky; mortality; reintroduction; reproduction; restoration; survival; translocation
We used radiotelemetry and field observations to Study survival and reproduction of 718 reintroduced elk (Cervus elaphus) in eastern Kentucky, USA, from 1997 to 2001. Capture-related injuries accounted for 49% of the transit and post-release mortality. Annual survival was high across all age and sex classes, and ranged from 0.90 (adult females) to 0.97 (yearling females). Calving rates increased from 66% in 1998 to 92% in 2000. A high nutritional plane may explain the relatively high reproduction among females bred as yearlings, consecutive-year pregnancies, and twinning. Such high survival and reproductive rates are characteristic of colonizing ungulate populations in areas devoid of predators and competitors. Future research should focus on Kentucky-born calves to more accurately determine the effects of meningeal worm (Parelaphostrongylus tenuis) and other factors on recruitment, colonization, and population establishment.
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