Heritability of intramammary infections at first parturition and relationships with sire transmitting abilities for somatic cell score, udder type traits, productive life, and protein yield

The objective of this study was to determine the relationships among daughter intramammary infections at first parturition and sire transmitting abilities for somatic cell score, udder type traits, productive life, and protein yield. Quarter milk samples from 958 daughters ( in eight Pennsylvania herds and one Nebraska herd) of 182 Holstein sires were collected within a few days of first calving and cultured to determine intramammary infection status. A total of 446 cows had intramammary infections in 835 quarters at first parturition. Incidence of intramammary infections at first parturition and the proportion of quarters infected per cow were regressed on age at first calving, days in milk at sample collection, herd-season of calving ( a classification variable), and sire transmitting abilities taken one at a time. Linear effects, non-linear effects, and odds ratios were estimated for sire transmitting abilities. Separate, preplanned analyses were conducted on data from one herd that gave all heifers an intramammary antibiotic infusion in each quarter 30 d prior to the expected calving date. Separate analyses were also conducted on dependent variables that considered intramammary infections at first parturition from: all organisms, coagulase-negative staphylococci, coliform species, streptococci other than Streptococcus agalactiae, and the most common environmental organisms ( coliform species and streptococci other than Streptococcus agalactiae). Daughters of sires that transmit the lowest somatic cell score had the fewest intramammary infections at first parturition. Daughters of sires that transmit longer productive life, shorter teats, and closely spaced front teats had fewer intramammary infections at first parturition. Selection for lower somatic cell score, longer productive life, shorter teats, or closely spaced front teats may reduce the incidence of intramammary infections at first parturition.