The influence of public open space on urban spatial structure

There is widespread public support for open space provision and for efforts to limit sprawl. We demonstrate that open space policies should not be viewed as independent of-or necessarily compatible with-growth management goals. We examine the impacts of open space designation on the urban landscape in a spatial city model with two important and empirically relevant features; (1) residents prefer to live close to open space and (2) open space amenities attract migrants to the city. Our main findings are that open space designation can produce leapfrog development; the effect of open space on the total area of developed land in the city is ambiguous; more dispersed forms of open space may be preferred when congestion externalities are present; depending on location, the provision of new open space may benefit some income groups more than others and may increase the income diversity of a city. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights.reserved.