Improved multi-level Newton solvers for fully coupled multi-physics problems

An algorithm is suggested to improve the efficiency of the rnulti-level Newton method that is used to solve multi-physics problems. It accounts for full coupling between the subsystems by using the direct differentiation method rather than error prone finite difference calculations and retains the advantage of greater flexibility over the tightly coupled approaches. Performance of the algorithm is demonstrated by solving a fluid-structure interaction problem. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.