期刊
ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
卷 172, 期 21, 页码 1653-1660出版社
AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
DOI: 10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.70
关键词
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资金
- Saskatchewan Pulse Growers
- Agricultural Bioproducts Innovation Program (ABIP) through the Pulse Research Network (PURENet)
- Advanced Food Materials Network (AFMNet)
- Loblaw
- Unilever
- Barilla
- Almond Board of California
- Coca-Cola
- Solae
- Haine Celestial
- Sanitarium Company
- Orafti
- International Tree Nut Council Nutrition Research and Education Foundation
- Peanut Institute
- Canola Council of Canada
- Flax Council of Canada
- Calorie Control Council
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Canada Foundation for Innovation
- Ontario Research Fund
- Coca-Cola Company
- Archer Daniels Midland
- International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) North America
- Abbott Laboratories
- Pulse Canada
- AAFC
- ABIP through the PURENet
- federal government of Canada
- Abbott
- AFMNet
- American Peanut Council
- American Pistachio Growers
- California Strawberry Commission
- Danone
- General Mills
- Hain Celestial
- International Tree Nut Council
- Kellogg's
- Loblaw Brands Ltd
- Oldways
- Paramount Farms
Background: Legumes, including beans, chickpeas, and lentils, are among the lowest glycemic index (GI) foods and have been recommended in national diabetes mellitus (DM) guidelines. Yet, to our knowledge, they have never been used specifically to lower the GI of the diet. We have therefore undertaken a study of low-GI foods in type 2 DM with a focus on legumes in the intervention. Methods: A total of 121 participants with type 2 DM were randomized to either a low-GI legume diet that encouraged participants to increase legume intake by at least 1 cup per day, or to increase insoluble fiber by consumption of whole wheat products, for 3 months. The primary outcome was change in hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) values with calculated coronary heart disease (CHD) risk score as a secondary outcome. Results: The low-GI legume diet reduced HbA(1c) values by -0.5% (95% CI, -0.6% to -0.4%) and the high wheat fiber diet reduced HbA(1c) values by -0.3% (95% CI, -0.4% to -0.2%). The relative reduction in HbA(1c) values after the low-GI legume diet was greater than after the high wheat fiber diet by -0.2% (95% CI, -0.3% to -0.1%; P < .001). The respective CHD risk reduction on the low-GI legume diet was -0.8% (95% CI, -1.4% to -0.3%; P =. 003), largely owing to a greater relative reduction in systolic blood pressure on the low-GI legume diet compared with the high wheat fiber diet (-4.5 mm Hg; 95% CI, -7.0 to -2.1 mm Hg; P < .001). Conclusion: Incorporation of legumes as part of a low-GI diet improved both glycemic control and reduced calculated CHD risk score in type 2 DM.
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