In-depth distribution of rusts on a plain carbon steel and weathering steels exposed to coastal-industrial atmosphere for 17 years

In-depth distribution of rusts on two weathering steels and a plain carbon steel exposed to atmosphere for 17 years under a bridge at a coastal + industrial region in Japan were studied. In the rust layer on all specimens, alpha-FeOOH, beta-FeOOH, gamma-FeOOH, Fe3O4 and so-called amorphous rust were found. Within rust layers, there were thick parts and thin parts, which were finely and complicatedly distributed on steels. Among these rust species, alpha-FeOOH was dominant on all specimens. a-FeOOH appeared almost homogeneously through the rust layer. Its concentration was higher on weathering steels than on plain carbon steel. beta-FeOOH was found mainly at thick parts and was scarce at thin parts of rust layers. Concentration of alpha-FeOOH was higher and that of gamma-FeOOH was lower on weathering steels than on plain carbon steel. Amorphous rust was located at the bottom of the rust layer irrespective of steel types. Concentration of magnetite was negatively correlated with concentration of beta-FeOOH. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.