Coarsening of alkane-in-water emulsions stabilized by nonionic poly(oxyethylene) surfactants: The role of molecular permeation and coalescence

We produce different alkane-in-water concentrated emulsions stabilized by the same nonionic surfactant, and we follow their kinetic evolution by granulometry. The size distribution becomes remarkably narrow during the first stages of coarsening and progressively turns to a wide function as time passes. We get evidence that the size evolution occurs under the effect of molecular permeation and coalescence. A second hydrophobic species of large molecular size is dissolved in the dispersed phase. This latter is expected to inhibit the permeation mechanism, and coalescence should act alone. Surprisingly, coalescence is also suppressed, even at a very low concentration of the second component (similar to1% w/w). We vary the chemical nature and concentration of the second species, and we propose a simple mechanism to explain the stabilizing effect with respect to coalescence.