期刊
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
卷 63, 期 2, 页码 603-613出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jf505808c
关键词
brewer's spent grain; lignin; Py-GC/MS; TMAH; HSQC; DFRC
资金
- Spanish Project [AGL2011-25379]
- FEDER
- EU Project LIGNODECO [KBBE-244362]
- CSIC
- Fondo Social Europeo (FSE)
- Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation
The structure of the lignin from brewer's spent grain (BSG) has been studied in detail. Three different lignin preparations, the so-called milled-wood lignin (MWL), dioxane lignin (DL), and cellulolytic lignin (CEL), were isolated from BSG and then thoroughly characterized by pyrolysis GC/MS, 2D-NMR, and derivatization followed by reductive cleavage (DFRC). The data indicated that BSG lignin presents a predominance of guaiacyl units (syringyl/guaiacyl ratio of 0.4-0.5) with significant amounts of associated pi-coumarates and ferulates. The flavone tricin was also present in the lignin from BSG, as also occurred in other grasses. 2D-NMR (HSQC) revealed that the main substructures present are beta-O-4' alkyl-aryl ethers (77-79%) followed by beta-5' phenylcoumarans (11-13%) and lower amounts of beta-beta' resinols (5-6%) and 5-5' dibenzodioxocins (3-5%). The results from 2D-NMR (HMBC) and DFRC indicated that p-coumarates are acylating the gamma-carbon of lignin side chains and are mostly involved in condensed structures. DFRC analyses also indicated a minor degree of gamma-acylation with acetate groups, which takes place preferentially on S lignin (6% of S units are acetylated) over G lignin (only 1% of G units are acetylated).
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