期刊
PFLUGERS ARCHIV-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY
卷 447, 期 5, 页码 641-646出版社
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s00424-003-1068-1
关键词
folate; thiamine; transport; solute carrier; homeostasis; homology
类别
资金
- NEI NIH HHS [R01 EY012830, EY12830] Funding Source: Medline
- NICHD NIH HHS [HD37150] Funding Source: Medline
The SLC19 gene family of solute carriers is a family of three transporter proteins with significant structural similarity, transporting, however, substrates with different structure and ionic charge. The three members of this gene family are expressed ubiquitously and mediate the transport of two important water-soluble vitamins, folate and thiamine. The concentrative transport of substrates mediated by the members of this gene family is energized by transcellular H+/OH- gradient. SLC19A1 is expressed at highest levels in absorptive cells where it is located in a polarized manner either in the apical or basal membrane, depending on the cell type. It mediates the transport of reduced folate and its analogs, such as methotrexate, which are anionic at physiological pH. SLC19A2 is expressed ubiquitously and mediates the transport of thiamine, a cation at physiological pH. SLC19A3 is also widely expressed and is capable of transporting thiamine. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the structural, functional, molecular and physiological aspects of the SLC19 gene family.
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