期刊
SEMINARS IN RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
卷 25, 期 1, 页码 3-10出版社
THIEME MEDICAL PUBL INC
DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-822300
关键词
innate immunity; Th1/Th2; immune regulation
The development of T helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 responses is dependent on the cells and early signals of the innate immune system. Following inhalation of pulmonary pathogens, lung antigen-presenting cells (APCs) ingest the microbe, begin to process antigen, and migrate to peripheral lymphoid tissues (i.e., LALNs). It is in the lymph node that the APC-T cell interaction takes place; therefore, the microenvironment of the lymph node significantly influences the developing T cell response (Th1 vs Th2). Several factors can determine the nature of the T cell response, including cytokines, chemokines, microbial virulence factors, and dendritic cell phenotype. A shift in the Th1/Th2 balance in the lungs can result in chronic infection, allergic disease, and immunopathology. This review discusses the mechanisms of developing Th1/Th2 pulmonary responses, the counterregulation of Th1/Th2 immunity, and the consequences of immune deviation in the lungs.
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