An averaged formulation of the M1 radiation model with mean absorption coefficients and presumed probability density functions for turbulent flows

After the presentation of the M-1 macroscopic radiative model with mean absorption coefficients, an averaged formulation of this model is derived in order to account for turbulence-radiation interactions. This averaged model is closed assuming the shape of the probability density functions and computing the variances of the radiative quantities. Further on, macroscopic models for the variances of both radiative energy and flux are derived and discussed. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.