On the basis of energy calculations we investigate the competition between quantum-liquid and electron-solid phases in the Landau levels n=1, 2, and 3 as a function of their partial filling factor (nu) over bar. Whereas the quantum-liquid phases are stable only in the vicinity of quantized values of (nu) over bar =1/(2s+1), an electron solid in the form of a triangular lattice of clusters with a few number of electrons (bubble phase) is energetically favorable between these fillings. This alternation of electron-solid phases, which are insulating because they are pinned by the residual impurities in the sample, and quantum liquids displaying the fractional quantum Hall effect explains a recently observed reentrance of the integral quantum Hall effect in the Landau levels n=1 and 2. Around half-filling of the last Landau level, a unidirectional charge density wave (stripe phase) has a lower energy than the bubble phase.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据