期刊
PSYCHOLOGY AND AGING
卷 19, 期 1, 页码 27-39出版社
AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC
DOI: 10.1037/0882-7974.19.1.27
关键词
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A meta-analysis of prospective memory (PM) studies revealed that in laboratory settings younger participants outperform older participants on tests of both time- and event-based PM (rs = -.39 and -.34, respectively). Event-based PM tasks that impose higher levels of controlled strategic demand are associated with significantly larger age effects than event-based PM tasks that are supported by relatively more automatic processes (rs = -.40 vs. -.14, respectively). However, contrary to the prevailing view in the literature, retrospective memory as measured by free recall is associated with significantly greater age-related decline (r = -.52) than PM, and older participants perform substantially better than their younger counterparts in naturalistic PM studies (rs = .35 and .52 for event- and time-based PM, respectively).
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