The PHI2 method: a way to compute time-variant reliability

Time-variant reliability problems appear in the engineering practice when (a) the material properties of the structure deteriorate in time or (b) random loading modelled as random processes is involved. This paper presents a method called PHI2 which is based on the outcrossing approach and allows to solve such problems using classical time-invariant reliability tools such as FORM/SORM methods. The PHI2 method is first presented. Then it is benchmarked with the well-established 'asymptotic methods' [Stochast. Process. Appl. 13 (1988) 195; J. Offshore Mech. Arctic Engng 113 (1991) 24 1; Probab. Engng Mech. 10 (1995) 53; J. Struct. Engng 25 (1998) 1] on three examples dealing with scalar or vector processes and linear or non-linear limit state functions. The PHI2 method appears more accurate in all cases. As an application example, the method is finally applied on a case representing a mechanical system (a beam) placed in an environment that can have exceptional configuration. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.