We study model-independently the implications of nonstandard scalar and pseudoscalar interactions for the decays b-->sgamma, b-->sg, b-->sl(+)l(-) (l=e,mu) and B-s-->mu(+)mu(-). We find sizable renormalization effects from scalar and pseudoscalar four-quark operators in the radiative decays and at O(alpha(s)) in hadronic b decays. Constraints on the Wilson coefficients of an extended operator basis are worked out. Further, the ratios R-H=B(B-->Hmu(+)mu(-))/B(B-->He(+)e(-)), for H=K-(*()),X-s, and their correlations with the B-s-->mu(+)mu(-) decay are investigated. We show that the standard model prediction for these ratios defined with the same cut on the dilepton mass for electron and muon modes, R-H=1+O(m(mu)(2)/m(b)(2)), has a much smaller theoretical uncertainty (less than or similar to1%) than the one for the individual branching fractions. The present experimental limit R(K)less than or equal to1.2 puts constraints on scalar and pseudoscalar couplings, which are similar to the ones from current data on B(B-s-->mu(+)mu(-)). We find that new physics corrections to R-K* and R-X s can reach 13% and 10%, respectively.
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