期刊
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
卷 52, 期 8, 页码 2192-2196出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jf035181d
关键词
garlic oil; Allium sativum; European starlings; Sturnus vulgaris; avian repellents; NMR methods
European starlings significantly reduced their consumption of a food mixture that was 50% food-grade garlic oil (GO)-impregnated granules, even after overnight food deprivation, as demonstrated by one-choice (no-choice) tests. Food consumption during 3 h following overnight food deprivation was reduced by 61-65% compared to controls. By testing the same subjects with 25, 10, and 1 mixtures of granules in feed, it was shown that commercial GO granules were repellent to birds in lower concentrations, with more than a 50% decrease in feeding for birds presented with a 10% mixture of commercial GO granules in food and a 17% decrease for the 1% treatment. Products containing GO show considerable promise as inexpensive, environmentally benign, nonlethal bird repellents. In comparing various GO preparations used in this work, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic methods prove to be particularly useful for rapid quantitation of major and minor components without requiring fractionation or isolation procedures, which could adversely effect the less stable components.
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