期刊
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
卷 279, 期 18, 页码 18440-18450出版社
AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M309494200
关键词
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资金
- Telethon [GTF02013] Funding Source: Medline
Enteroviruses, small cytolytic RNA viruses, confer an antiapoptotic state to infected cells in order to suppress infection-limiting apoptotic host cell responses. This antiapoptotic state also lends protection against cell death induced by metabolic inhibitors like actinomycin D and cycloheximide. The identity of the viral antiapoptotic protein and the underlying mechanism are unknown. Here, we provide evidence that the coxsackievirus 2B protein modulates apoptosis by manipulating intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. Using fluorescent Ca2+ indicators and organelle-targeted aequorins, we demonstrate that ectopic expression of 2B in HeLa cells decreases the Ca2+ content of both the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi, resulting in down-regulation of Ca2+ signaling between these stores and the mitochondria, and increases the influx of extracellular Ca2+. In our studies of the physiological importance of the 2B-induced alterations in Ca2+ signaling, we found that the expression of 2B suppressed caspase activation and apoptotic cell death induced by various stimuli, including actinomycin D and cycloheximide. Mutants of 2B that were defective in reducing the Ca2+ content of the stores failed to suppress apoptosis. These data implicate a functional role of the perturbation of intracellular Ca2+ compartmentalization in the enteroviral strategy to suppress intrinsic apoptotic host cell responses. The putative down-regulation of an endoplasmic reticulum-dependent apoptotic pathway is discussed.
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